General Biology

The basic unit of life is the cell. Cells are the smallest structural and functional units of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Plants take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. This gas, along with water and sunlight, is used to produce glucose and oxygen.

The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used as a source of chemical energy.

The heart is the organ that pumps blood through the body. It circulates blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions.

White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material that carries the hereditary information in organisms. It is responsible for the genetic instructions used in the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms.

Herbivores are animals that eat only plants. They obtain their energy and nutrients by consuming plant material such as leaves, fruits, and roots.

Chlorophyll is the pigment that gives plants their green color. It is essential for photosynthesis, allowing plants to absorb energy from light.

The skin is the largest organ in the human body. It serves as a protective barrier against the environment and plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature and sensing external stimuli.

The root is the part of the plant that absorbs water and minerals from the soil. Roots also anchor the plant and may serve as a food storage organ.

Arteries are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. They transport oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues of the body, except for the pulmonary arteries, which carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

The primary function of red blood cells, or erythrocytes, is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and return carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.

The outer layer of a plant cell is called the cell wall. It provides structural support and protection and is primarily composed of cellulose.

Vitamin D is produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight. It is essential for bone health as it helps the body absorb calcium.

A group of similar cells performing a specific function is called a tissue. Tissues combine to form organs, which in turn form organ systems.

Mushrooms belong to the kingdom Fungi. Fungi are distinct from plants and animals and include organisms such as yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.

Mitosis is the process by which cells divide into two identical daughter cells. It is essential for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in organisms.